http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/1 2026-05-30T19:39:32Z 2026-05-30T19:39:32Z Imam Awadelkareim Imam, Motwakil Mohammed Saleh Hadi Gahaf, Baker Abdullah Ahmed Mohammed, Muayid http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/1112 2026-05-19T19:26:56Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Bone Marrow Examination Findings Among Sudanese Patients During the Sudanese Armed Conflict (April 2023 to February 2025) Authors: Imam Awadelkareim Imam, Motwakil; Mohammed Saleh Hadi Gahaf, Baker; Abdullah Ahmed Mohammed, Muayid Abstract: Abstract Background: Armed conflict in Sudan has severely disrupted healthcare delivery, and access to diagnostic services. Despite the increasing burden of hematological disorders, data on bone marrow examination (BME) findings in such settings remain limited. This study aimed to characterize the spectrum of BME diagnoses in Sudanese patients during a period of ongoing conflict. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Mek Nimer University Hospital, including 291 patients who underwent bone marrow examination (aspiration and trephine biopsy) between April 2023 and February 2025. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Hematological malignancies accounting for 64.6% of cases. Leukemia was the most common diagnosis (38.8%), particularly chronic lymphocytic leukemia (17.2%), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (11.7%), and chronic myeloid leukemia (10.3%). Non-malignant conditions represented 35.4% of cases, mainly reactive marrow changes (17.5%) and megaloblastic anemia (7.2%) being the most frequent. Most patients were aged 41–60 years (29.9%), with a slight male predominance (52.9%). Geographically, most cases originated from River Nile State (52.9%) and Khartoum State (33%). A notable proportion of patients were unemployed (58.8%), suggesting socioeconomic vulnerability. Conclusion: There is high burden of advanced hematological malignancies and reactive marrow patterns likely due to delayed access to care during conflict. Bone marrow examination remains essential diagnostic tool in resource-limited settings. Strengthening mobile diagnostic services, promoting early screening among high-risk groups—particularly the elderly and unemployed—and implementing micronutrient supplementation programs may help reduce morbidity and improve outcomes in conflict-affected populations. Keywords: Bone Marrow Examination, Hematological Malignancies, Reactive Marrow Conflict Settings, Sudan Description: Abstract Background: Armed conflict in Sudan has severely disrupted healthcare delivery, and access to diagnostic services. Despite the increasing burden of hematological disorders, data on bone marrow examination (BME) findings in such settings remain limited. This study aimed to characterize the spectrum of BME diagnoses in Sudanese patients during a period of ongoing conflict. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Mek Nimer University Hospital, including 291 patients who underwent bone marrow examination (aspiration and trephine biopsy) between April 2023 and February 2025. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Hematological malignancies accounting for 64.6% of cases. Leukemia was the most common diagnosis (38.8%), particularly chronic lymphocytic leukemia (17.2%), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (11.7%), and chronic myeloid leukemia (10.3%). Non-malignant conditions represented 35.4% of cases, mainly reactive marrow changes (17.5%) and megaloblastic anemia (7.2%) being the most frequent. Most patients were aged 41–60 years (29.9%), with a slight male predominance (52.9%). Geographically, most cases originated from River Nile State (52.9%) and Khartoum State (33%). A notable proportion of patients were unemployed (58.8%), suggesting socioeconomic vulnerability. Conclusion: There is high burden of advanced hematological malignancies and reactive marrow patterns likely due to delayed access to care during conflict. Bone marrow examination remains essential diagnostic tool in resource-limited settings. Strengthening mobile diagnostic services, promoting early screening among high-risk groups—particularly the elderly and unemployed—and implementing micronutrient supplementation programs may help reduce morbidity and improve outcomes in conflict-affected populations. Keywords: Bone Marrow Examination, Hematological Malignancies, Reactive Marrow Conflict Settings, Sudan

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z عوض الكريم على احمد, حسن محمد عثمان عبدالرحمن, ناصر http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/1075 2026-02-21T18:21:10Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: تاريخ التعليم الثانوي األكاديمي-دراسة حالة محليتي شندي والمتمة-والية نهر النيل-السودان (3691م-9136م) دراسة تاريخية توثيقية Authors: عوض الكريم على احمد, حسن; محمد عثمان عبدالرحمن, ناصر Abstract: تتناول هذه الورقة تاريخ التعليم الثانوي األكاديمي بمحليتي شندي والمتمة، في الفترة ما بين العامين )3691م-9136م(. وتهدف للتوثيق والبحث في نشأة وتطور التعليم الثانوي فيهما. بنيت الورقة على المنهج التاريخي اسة الحالة ومنهج در ، واعتمدت في وسائلها على مجموعة من اجع ذات الصلة، المصادر والمر وتسعى لتحليل العوامل المؤثرة في انتشار التعليم الثانوي بالمحليتين، في ظل األنظمة السياسية المتعاقبة التي حكمت البالد، من خالل ثالثة محاور تناقش نشأة وتوسع التعليم الثانوي، والسياسات الحكومية و اكة الشر بين الدولة والمجتمع في مجال التعليم. انتهت الورقة إلى جملة من النتائج، كان أهمها أن اكة الشر بين الدولة والمجتمع، ساهمت وبقدر كبير في انتشار التعليم الثانوي العالي في المنطقة. أوصت الورقة بصياغة سياسة تعليمية للمحليتين، تأخذ في االعتبار التوزيع السكاني، والكثافة، والحاجة الفعلية، لضمان عدالة توزيع المدارس الثانوية، وتقليص الفجوة التعليمية بين األرياف والمدن. كلمات مفتاحية: التعليم الثانوي، محلية المتمة، محلية شندي، المدارس الثانوية العليا. التوسع التعليمي

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z عوض الكريم على احمد, حسن بابكر محمد أحمد علوب, هاشم حسن عوض الكريم على, حسن عوض الكريم على http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/1074 2026-02-21T15:38:28Z 2025-01-25T00:00:00Z

Title: تاريخ الأندية بمدينة شندي 1930-1969 Authors: عوض الكريم على احمد, حسن; بابكر محمد أحمد علوب, هاشم; حسن عوض الكريم على, حسن عوض الكريم على

2025-01-25T00:00:00Z Motwakil Imam Awadelkareim Imam http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/1034 2025-05-14T09:42:01Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Investigating The Radiological Patterns Of COVID-19 Among Adult Sudanese Patients In Resources- Limited Settings Authors: Motwakil Imam Awadelkareim Imam Abstract: Background: COVID-19 viral infection is one of the respiratory infections that make the lives of patients miserable, decreasing the quality of their life and causing a fatal disease, especially in elderly age groups, chronic diseases, co-morbidity patients, and those with immunodeficiency health states. The disease can be diagnosed clinically since symptoms, signs, and examinations are insufficient. A chest X-ray, CT, and imaging techniques must be done for all suspicious cases in all age groups in addition, it is a very infectious disease and spreads fast. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of radiological procedures in diagnosing COVID-19. Identify various radiological patterns of COVID- 19 and determine the incidence rate of these radiological patterns of COVID-19. Compare the radiological findings between CT and CXR. And to identify which lung involved more and which part involved less. Methods: This study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2023, taking 21 months to be accomplished. 160 patients participated in this study from centers in the el-Khartoum capital of Sudan and the Nile state. Results: Both CT and chest X-ray are significant for diagnosing COVID-19. Males are more commonly presented than females. The commonest presenting age in both sexes is between 65 and 85 years. A chest x-ray presents with bilateral lower zonal consolidation in both sexes commonly. The right side lung in chest X-ray is mostly involved in both sexes. CT's chest presented with ground glass opacities in both sexes. There is associated lymph adenopathy and pleural effusion in males, commonly in CT chest. Bilateral lower lung lobes in CT chest are mostly involved in both sexes. Conclusion: radiological imaging, particularly CT scans, proved to be a critical tool in diagnosing and assessing the severity of COVID19 in Sudanese population. The study also highlighted a strong correlation between extensive radiological finding and severe clinical presentations, emphasizing the prognostic value of imaging in resources-limiting like Sudan. Keywords: Radiological Patterns, COVID-19, Shendi –Sudan Description: Background: COVID-19 viral infection is one of the respiratory infections that make the lives of patients miserable, decreasing the quality of their life and causing a fatal disease, especially in elderly age groups, chronic diseases, co-morbidity patients, and those with immunodeficiency health states. The disease can be diagnosed clinically since symptoms, signs, and examinations are insufficient. A chest X-ray, CT, and imaging techniques must be done for all suspicious cases in all age groups in addition, it is a very infectious disease and spreads fast. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of radiological procedures in diagnosing COVID-19. Identify various radiological patterns of COVID- 19 and determine the incidence rate of these radiological patterns of COVID-19. Compare the radiological findings between CT and CXR. And to identify which lung involved more and which part involved less. Methods: This study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2023, taking 21 months to be accomplished. 160 patients participated in this study from centers in the el-Khartoum capital of Sudan and the Nile state. Results: Both CT and chest X-ray are significant for diagnosing COVID-19. Males are more commonly presented than females. The commonest presenting age in both sexes is between 65 and 85 years. A chest x-ray presents with bilateral lower zonal consolidation in both sexes commonly. The right side lung in chest X-ray is mostly involved in both sexes. CT's chest presented with ground glass opacities in both sexes. There is associated lymph adenopathy and pleural effusion in males, commonly in CT chest. Bilateral lower lung lobes in CT chest are mostly involved in both sexes. Conclusion: radiological imaging, particularly CT scans, proved to be a critical tool in diagnosing and assessing the severity of COVID19 in Sudanese population. The study also highlighted a strong correlation between extensive radiological finding and severe clinical presentations, emphasizing the prognostic value of imaging in resources-limiting like Sudan. Keywords: Radiological Patterns, COVID-19, Shendi –Sudan

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z